Gas Storage
In the last years, operators of German and European gas storages have faced many challenges. The market was and still is characterised by excess capacities. This applies not only to the available working gas volume (WGV) but also to the injection and withdrawal capacity. In the figure below, the situation is illustrated for the available withdrawal capacity in Germany.
[Available withdrawal capacity and peak demand of withdrawal capacity (Illustration)]
Intense competition, changing market conditions and the combination of low variable and high capital costs – as it is typical in the asset business – has led to market prices that are, in many cases, nowhere near enough to cover the full costs of service. At the same time, the general perception is that gas storages carry substantial value, not only for fulfilling their “traditional” functions of providing seasonal swing and covering demand peaks. Gas storages also represent an insurance against unforeseen events by e.g. providing additional volumes and capacity in case of extreme weather events and production or transport failure. At the moment, however, this value cannot be monetised in the marketing of storage capacities.
Uncertain prospects
Different developments in the European gas market have opposing effects on the storage market and lead to great uncertainty regarding the future of storage assets. In the short- to mid-term, the European gas production is going to further decline and, thereby, the seasonal production swing. This is considered to increase the need for storage. On the other hand, the trend towards lower gas consumption reduces the need for storage. In the long-term, gas storages are sometimes expected to have a key role in the context of energy system integration – by offering a long-term and large-scale storage option for excess power production from renewable energies. To what extent gas storages will be used in the energy transition, largely depends on the conditions set by future energy policy and regulation.
Pressing questions
Under these circumstances, a number of key questions arise for storage system operators, storage users, storage owners, investors and, not least, for political actors:
- What are the factors influencing the development of the storage markets in Germany and Europe?
- How will storage utilisation, prices, revenues and costs develop?
- Which storage facilities would most likely overcome a consolidation phase?
- Are there undervalued storage assets which are worth acquiring?
- Are write-downs necessary for certain storage facilities and, if so, to what extent?
- Which are the storage products that will be profitable in the future?
- How should the political framework be set in order to ensure that neither a situation of excess nor shortage of gas storage capacity occurs in the future?
- How can the storage industry bring their concerns into the political discussion?
Consulting services
In this context, we offer the following consulting services:
- Benchmarking of gas storages
- Evaluation of investment and divestment projects
- Due diligence for investors
- Support in price revisions and arbitration proceedings concerning storage or flexibility service contracts
- Market analyses and development scenarios for the gas storage market
- Strategy development for storage operators
- Strategy development for storage operators
Publications
Storage fill levels (week 37)
- Changes since last week:
- 1 storage has reached the targeted filling level (UGS Jemgum H SEFE, 84%),
- 3 storages moved to the yellow category from the green category.
- Total injections during 30.08–09.09: 5.9 TWh.
- Average filling level: 56%.
- Week-on-week average injections have fallen by 12%.
- 6 storages had a negative injection/withdrawal balance, 18.9 GWh were withdrawn across these storages.
- Gas storages in Germany and two storage locations in Austria (7 Fields and Haidach which are connected to the German transmission grid) are mapped and categorized regarding their prospects to reach the mandatory storage filling levels. Some storages are grouped into clusters if they are geographically close to one another (which is the case at three different locations: EPE, Etzel and Nüttermoor/Jemgum).
- 14 of 48 storages have already reached the target level (dark green category). Many storages are in the light green category, meaning that it is possible to reach the target filling level of the respective storage by November 1 if daily injections are made amounting to 75% of the technical injection capacity or less on average in the period remaining until November 1. Storages requiring daily injections of more than 75% of the technical injection capacity (on average from today until November 1) are in the yellow category.
- Four porous rock storages in Southern Germany can no longer reach the target filling level, even if technical injection capacity was fully used on every remaining day until November 1 (red category).
- UGS Rehden has a target filling level of only 45%, current filling level is 9.2%. At the moment only 43% of its capacity is booked. Injections in Rehden remain low (on average 11% of injection capacity in the last 7 days). From today until November 1, 83% of the storage’s injection capacity would have to be used on average to meet the target, meaning that reaching the target remains unlikely.
- Daily injections into underground storages in Germany are currently very limited (only 578 GWh/d on average over the past 7 days, which is considerably less than the 844 GWh/d that would be required on average throughout September and October to meet the targets).
- Current price signals provide little incentive to inject gas: at present, the spread between gas on the spot market and gas for Q1-27 is fluctuating around zero. As of September 9, the spot-market price is €1.41/MWh higher than the price for Q1’27 contract.
The Platts price spread between JKM and TTF for October 2026 (€71.64/MWh vs. €72.77/MWh) is positive in Europe’s favour, incentivizing LNG deliveries to Europe. For November the Asian market shows a premium of 2.29 €/MWh over Europe (€78.81/MWh vs. €76.52/MWh as of September 9). - In conclusion, the fulfilment of the target filling levels is still technically possible for many storages, however, under given market conditions (price spreads and daily injections) it must be expected that several storages will fail to meet the required filling level by November 1.
Storage fill levels (week 36)
- Gas storages in Germany and two storage locations in Austria (7 Fields and Haidach which are connected to the German transmission grid) are mapped and categorized regarding their prospects to reach the mandatory storage filling levels. Some storages are grouped into clusters if they are geographically close to one another (which is the case at three different locations: EPE, Etzel and Nüttermoor/Jemgum).
- 13 of 48 storages have already reached the target level (dark green category). Most storages are in the light green category, meaning that it is possible to reach the target filling level of the respective storage by November 1 if daily injections are made amounting to 75% of the technical injection capacity or less on average in the period remaining until November 1. Storages requiring daily injections of more than 75% of the technical injection capacity (on average from today until November 1) are in the yellow category (which at the moment is empty).
- Four porous rock storages in Southern Germany can no longer reach the target filling level, even if technical injection capacity was fully used on every remaining day until November 1 (red category).
- UGS Rehden has a target filling level of only 45%. Today, only 12% of its working gas volume is booked. From today until November 1, 73% of the storage’s injection capacity would have to be used on average to meet the target which, in combination with the booking level, makes it highly unlikely that the target filling level will be reached.
- Daily injections into underground storages in Germany are currently very limited (only 655 GWh/d on average over the past 7 days, which is considerably less than the 812 GWh/d that would be required on average throughout September and October to meet the targets).
- Current price signals provide little incentive to inject gas: at present, the spread between gas on the spot market and gas for Q1-27 is fluctuating around zero.
The Platts price spread between JKM and TTF for October 2026 (€69.52/MWh vs. €70.91/MWh) is positive in Europe’s favour, incentivizing LNG deliveries to Europe. The spread for November (€73.79/MWh vs. €71.98/MWh) is currently making the Asian market more attractive (as of 01.09.2026). - In conclusion, the fulfilment of the target filling levels is still technically possible for most storages, however, under given market conditions (price spreads and daily injections) it must be expected that several storages will fail to meet the mandatory filling level by November 1.
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
September 2026
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
September 2023
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
June 2023
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
March 2023
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
January 2023
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
October 2021
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
July 2021
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
April 2021
Current filling levels of natural gas storages in Germany
March 2021
Current filling levels of natural gas storages
September 2020
Current filling levels of natural gas storages
June 2020
What happens with the German gas storage filling levels?
February 2020
Preparations for possible supply disruptions caused by a suspension of gas transits via Ukraine were one of the reasons for the high injections into German gas storages throughout the past injection season. At the beginning of the current withdrawal season German gas storage filling levels reached a historic high at above 99% (226 TWh on the basis of AGSI data).
Due to the lack of a cold spell in the current winter 2019/20 storage withdrawals were so far only modest. As a result the filling level of German storages still stood at 87% at the beginning of February. Typically, the filling level is around 55% to 65% at this time of the year.
On the supply side, gas flows from Russia through the Nord Stream pipeline and entries via Mallnow remained constant over the past weeks. Despite an agreement on the transit of gas via Ukraine, gas flows via Ukraine were reduced markedly. Because of low seasonal gas demand and high deliveries from north-west European LNG terminals the supply situation is not affected.
To provide an outlook on the possible storage filling levels at the beginning of April the daily withdrawals of the years 2017/18 (high withdrawals) and 2018/19 (low withdrawals) were used as benchmarks.
- Under the assumption that high storage withdrawals occur throughout the remainder of the winter, a storage filling level of about 100 TWh can be expected.
- By contrast, continued low storage withdrawals would lead to a storage filling level of about 170 TWh by the end of winter.
By contrast, continued low storage withdrawals would lead to a storage filling level of about 170 TWh by the In the latter case a lower gas demand in the coming summer can be expected. Provided that the supply situation remains good this situation will increase the pressure on wholesale gas prices so that even historically low prices would not come as a surprise. A similar situation occurred in the years 2014 and 2019 which were marked by high storage levels at the end of winter. This led to low wholesale prices during the summer. Under these preconditions a high utilisation of gas fired power plants can be expected.end of winter.
Filling levels of natural gas storages in January 2019
February 2019
At the beginning of January, German gas storage facilities had an aggregated filling level of 75 percent (174 TWh), a good 9 percentage points above the previous year's level. Over the course of the month, the level fell by 12 percentage points to 61 percent (142 TWh). This figure was still a good 9 percentage points above the level at the same time last year.
Looking at the daily withdrawals, January showed a divided picture. In the first half of the month, up to 1.4 TWh per day were withdrawn at peak times. In the second half of the month, temperatures dropped and withdrawals increased significantly, peaking at up to 2.1 TWh per day.
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